This program begins with a challenge to the story of the history of science and the philosophy of science presented so far. It shows it to be an ethnocentric Western perspective and introduces the concept of “epistemicide” to explain the erasure of Persian, Arabic, and Islamic contributions to both science and the philosophy of science. It gives a selection of examples to show errors in the Western narration of historical discovery and achievement. The examples demonstrate that the “firsts” in the Western story, Bacon, Newton, and so on, were preceded by others hundreds of years earlier. The program next considers the feminist challenge to “malestream” science and considers the possibility of epistemological privilege. The last section of the program returns to the philosophy of natural science, noting that virtually all of the diverse perspectives within the philosophy of social science share a common, usually unreflected upon, acceptance of the positivist understanding of natural science. The Critical Realist perspective argues that such an understanding is a very much mistaken one. The program concludes with a presentation of the Critical Realist philosophy of both natural and social science.